公路桥梁沥青路面接缝施工技术探讨

在城市发展中,公路基础设施建设很是关键,而公路在大规模建设的同时,也对其质量提出更高的要求.在沥青公路施工中,接缝的存在较为普遍,需掌握好接缝施工技术要点,以免因接缝问题而影响沥青路面质量.本文简要阐述沥青路面接缝质量控制的意义,对接缝处理的基本工艺进行分析,详细探讨了沥青路面接缝施工的技术要点,最后提出接缝施工质量的控制措施,以期对沥青公路施工有所帮助.     

贸易摩擦和新冠疫情双重冲击下全球价值链重构趋势与中国对策

2016年以来全球贸易摩擦的不断加剧和2019年底至今新冠疫情在全球的持续蔓延对全球价值链协作造成双重冲击.对此期间相关国家间关税水平和进出口数据变化的分析,以及对各国政府出台的产业政策的比较研究表明,在贸易摩擦和新冠疫情的双重冲击下,全球价值链出现重构趋势,一些国家的政府越来越将国际政治、国家安全和社会应急考虑置于经济利益考虑之上,积极推动部分产业链回流本国,追求供应链的多元化,加强对本国相关产业的保护.美国出于维护其世界头号经济强国地位的考虑,更是企图对中国进行全产业链封锁.面对这些挑战,我国亟需制定新的有针对性的全球价值链战略,积极采取稳链强链补链措施,稳住低端产业、强化中端产业、补齐高端产业,打造完整而有韧性的产业链供应链,巩固和发展全产业链优势,确保我国经济持续健康发展;巩固亚洲价值链命运共同体;大力发展壮大中国倡导的"一带一路"价值链;以合作共赢理念处理与美国等西方主要经济体的关系,强化全球价值链相互依存度.     

技术溢出与审计收费 ——来自中国上市公司的经验证据

以2007～2018年A股非金融行业上市公司的数据为样本,从审计收费的角度实证检验了技术溢出的正面效应.研究发现,技术溢出能够显著降低审计收费,而企业经营风险和多元化程度的降低是导致上述效应的传导机制.进一步研究发现,审计质量并未由于审计收费的减少而下降,表明技术溢出提高了审计效益.此外,技术溢出与审计收费的负向关系在高人力资本的事务所或企业中更为显著.上述发现为技术溢出的经济效应提供了新的经验证据,为理解审计收费的影响因素提供了不同的视角.     

青岛德租时期城市园林规划与设计探析

德国租借时期的青岛园林在中国近代园林中独树一帜，是世界范围的造林典范，是从造林到造园的成功探索，城市层面的建设意义突出。以史志、老照片、规划图与建设状况图等史实为依据，结合现场调研，梳理青岛园林规划，揭示其城市设计、科学生态、林业生产以及经济实用的规划思想。考证出公园、绿地以及林荫道布局在城市重要功能区；这些公园绿地既受到德国近代思潮的影响，又在地域环境中追求自然之美与森林化景观效果。希望理清青岛德国租借时期园林建设的状况，对当前我国城乡园林建设有所启发。     

Lock‐In Effects in Relationship Lending: Evidence from DIP Loans

Do prior lending relationships result in pass‐through savings (lower interest rates) for borrowers, or do they lock in higher costs for borrowers? Theoretical models suggest that when borrowers experience greater information asymmetry, higher switching costs, and limited access to capital markets, they become locked into higher costs from their existing lenders. Firms in Chapter 11 seeking debtor‐in‐possession (DIP) financing often fit this profile. We investigate the presence of lock‐in effects using a sample of 348 DIP loans. We account for endogeneity using the instrument variable (IV) approach and the Heckman selection model and find consistent evidence that prior lending relationship is associated with higher interest costs and the effect is more severe for stronger existing relationships. Our study provides direct evidence that prior lending relationships do create a lock‐in effect under certain circumstances, such as DIP financing.     

地下综合管廊混凝土爆灰检测及加固

针对某市钢筋混凝土地下综合管廊的现浇顶板、侧壁出现的混凝土爆灰质量缺陷,为确保管廊结构的安全使用,采用钻心法、超声波法、沸煮试验、爆灰物质的化学成分分析等检测方法,对爆灰现象进行了检测。结果显示,混凝土中存在的块状氧化钙与水熟化后体积增大1倍~2.5倍,使得混凝土在强度未达到设计抗拉强度前在块状氧化钙体积膨胀应力作用下被拉裂,导致了此类质量缺陷的发生。分析了质量缺陷对管廊结构的影响,并对管廊结构进行了加固设计及处理,满足了结构的正常安全使用要求。研究结果可为类似爆灰缺陷的设计及处理提供参考。     

大尺寸机载智能多功能显示器的设计与实现

分析了座舱显示系统发展现状和面临的问题，设计并实现了一种一体化、大屏幕显示的智能化多功能显示器。该型显示器通过FC-AE-ASM（Fibre Channel-Avionics Environment-Anonymous Subscriber Message）网络和高速串行总线高效传输图形数据，解决了图形处理及传输的瓶颈问题；采用ARINC661（座舱显示系统与用户系统的接口）标准，规范了任务处理和显示处理的接口设计标准；支持红外触控以提高人机信息的交互效率；采用工程优化设计以提高显示器抗恶劣环境的能力。应用表明智能多功能显示器运行可靠，相对于传统飞行显示器，在显示处理、数据传输和人机功效等方面具有显著优势。     

供给侧结构性改革中加强小型水利工程管理能力建设的思路与重点

围绕深化小型水利工程管理体制改革和管护机制创新,以推进供给侧结构性改革为主线,分析当前我国小型水利工程管理能力面临的新形势,结合小型水利工程管理现状及存在的主要问题,探讨供给侧结构性改革中如何加强工程管理单位能力建设,并从供给侧结构性改革角度,提出创新管护模式、拓宽经费渠道、加强农民用水合作组织建设、建立考核评价机制等建议。     

阿莫西林克拉维酸钾片含量测定方法的改进

为解决实际应用中克拉维酸钾峰与后相邻杂质的分离度达不到要求的问题,建立了一种同时测定阿莫西林克拉维酸钾片中阿莫西林和克拉维酸钾含量的新方法,采用反相高效液相色谱法(RP-HPLC),Ultimate AQ-C_(18)色谱柱(4.6mm×250 mm,5μm),以pH值为4.4的0.05 mol/L磷酸二氢钠缓冲液为流动相,柱温为35℃,流速为1.0mL/min,检测波长为220nm。结果表明:阿莫西林和克拉维酸钾两主峰与相邻杂质得到完全基线分离,分离度大于1.5;克拉维酸钾对照品溶液质量浓度为0.050 0~0.500 1mg/mL时与峰面积的线性关系良好(r=0.999 8),平均回收率(n=9)为100.14%,RSD值为0.24%;阿莫西林对照品溶液质量浓度为0.100 0~1.000 1mg/mL时与峰面积的线性关系良好(r=0.999 9),平均回收率(n=9)为100.45%,RSD值为0.17%。与原有的《中华人民共和国药典》方法相比,新的阿莫西林克拉维酸钾片含量测定方法专属性好,准确度高,操作简便快捷,结果可靠,可作为一种质量控制方法。     

Line by line,part by part: collaborative sketching for designing

While sketching has an established role in professional design, its benefits and role in design education are subjects that invite research and opinions. We investigated how undergraduates studying to become design educators and textile teachers used sketching to generate and develop design solutions in a collaborative setting. The students were given an authentic design assignment involving three detailed tasks, one of which was 2D visualisation by sketching. Adopting a micro-analytical approach, we analysed the video-recorded visualisation session to understand how teams used sketching to collaborate and to generate and develop design solutions. To that end, we set three research questions: (1) What ways of collaborative working are reflected in actions of sketching? (2) In what ways do sequences of collaborative sketching contribute to designing? (3) What kinds of collaborative sequences of sketching advance designing? Our analysis identified three collaborative ways of sketching (co-ordinated, collective and disclosed) and confirmed that sketching is an important facilitator of mutual appropriation, adaption and adoption. Next, we identified three ways of contributing to designing, as well as three functions and six capacities for advancing designing. Our analysis shows that sketching can lead to invaluable advances in designing, although each team had its own way of using and benefiting from sketching. We further consider that the teams’ diverse sketching processes and rich content owed, at least in part, to the task structure and imposed constraints. We continue to see sketching as an important design tool, one among many.